Edward maynaed



UNITED Sierras Parar-.ar @raten EDWARD MAYNARD, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YGRK, ASSIGNR TO HIMSELl!" AND SLAUGHTER AND THG. E. PUR-DY. .y

IMPROVED METHl) OFCOVERING WITH FIBROUS MATERIAL SHRT DESTANCES.

SUBMERGED SPlR/-ltl ELECTRODES FOR Speciiieation forming part of Letters Patent No. 22,922, dated February 8, 1859.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, EDWARD MAYNARD, ot Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and VState of New York, have invented, made, and applied to use certain new and useful Improvements in Submarine Telegraph-Cables 5 and I do hereby declare that the following is al full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of my said invention, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making part ot' this specitication, 'wherein- Figurel is a cross-section of my said cable with one conductor. Fig. 2 is a cross-section of axcable with two conductors; and Fig. 3 is a side -view'ot' the cable complete and in the various vsta ges of manufacture.

Similar' marks o t reference denote the same parts. A l Y 'l I The nature-of my said invention consists in the useof parallel cords or-stringsfot" hemp, flax, silk, or other fibrous material in connection with a twisted conductor or conductors, whereby all strain in laying said cable into the water is taken on the said strands oflibrons material and the conductor entirely relieved from strain or liability to break, and, beside this, the insulation is far more perfect than with those materials, such as gatta-percha,- that are liable to break open um strain and destroy the insulation.

I take a strand or cord, a, ot tibrous material and wind around the same the conductor l), composed ot' one or more wires ot' a suitable size. I'theu' surround the lsame with longitu-V dinal parallel cords or strands of fibrous nonconducting material, c, and wind around the same a serving of string or thread, and during the operation otn lawing up I saturate this .fibrous material c and all that is used sur rounding the same with wax or similar'non- `conducting water-proof material, by the application ot'heat to liquefy the same, or by the use of suitable material in solution.

d is aserving around the cords c. e is a' second layer of'parallel cords, .andfis the serving to the saline. v1f only one conductor is to be used, a coveringof iron wire is to be applied, as hereinafter set forth, to com plete the cable, as in Fig. l; but it' two conductors areto be used I apply the second, as at g, the same being composed ot' one or more wires wound around the previous iibrous material, e f.

Ii and lc arc the parallel corde of fibrous material, and l m are the windings or servings of thread or twine. The alternate layers ot the strands being composed of cords twisted in opposite directions and coated or saturated successively with wax, there is no liability for the cable to twist or kink, land at the same time a perfect insulation is effected. t m is a layer of wires twisted around the cable (outside the serving l or f) with a grad ual curvature .and served over, as atm and o is another layer ot wires, rather liner than the wires m., and twisted in the opposite directions; and p is the serving to the same.

- By this manner of constructing telegraphcables for submarine use a very e :ong article is produced, and one that is not liable to twist or kink, and is thoroughllvr insulated, and all strain is taken on the cords and wire-soveria0a which are .parallel or only slightly twisted, and the intervening serving prevents thelayers of librous materials. separating longitudinally of the cable, and the conductor or conductors i1 aving a twist in them are relieved from strain almost entirely. l

Ido-not claim a telegraph-cable in which strands of fibrous materials or wires are used neither do I claim serving wound around the saine; but there is no previous instance with which I am acquainted in which a conductor in a twisted or more or less helical form has been inclosed in layers formed b5 parallel strands ofcord, string, or other fibrous material served or wound ,around over the successive layers at the saine time that melted wax or other non-conducting water-prooi' inaterial is used to satura te said cable and therobv produce a durable water-proof cable in n hich the conductor is relieved from strain and pei1A fectly insulated as specified.

What I claim as ,my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

Constructing submarine telegraph-cables ot' metallic conductors twisted in a helical toria, in combination 'with layers of cords or strings parallel, or nearly so, with the axis of the cable, 3

that arecontined together by a serving or winding and are saturated uouconductiug material, as set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my signature this 23d day of October, i858.

E. MAYNAR D.

yVlf'itnesses:

LEMUEL lll". Snr-nera Thomas Innern.

with water-proof 

